Joseph Jagger: roulette ƒe aɖaŋu le Monte Carlo

Nu si nuŋlɔɖiwo ɖe fia

Wodzi Joseph Hobson Jagger le September ƒe ŋkeke 2, 1830 le Shelf, le Bradford kple Halifax dome. Eɖe Matilda Townend esime wòxɔ ƒe blaeve, eye wodzi vi ene. Ewɔ dɔ le avɔ ƒe asitsatsa me le eƒe agbe katã me: abe nudzraɖoƒe ƒe dɔwɔla ene, abe hadomenɔla ene le dɔwɔƒe aɖe si dzraa ka ɖo na avɔlɔ̃lɔ̃, abe avɔ wuwula ene le Manchester. Ƒe 1861 ƒe amexexlẽ yɔe be atsi kple avɔ ƒe asitsala, eye eƒe nunyanya si wòŋlɔ le ƒe 1881 me yɔe be nuwɔla. Agbalẽ aɖeke meyɔe be mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔla o. Nya ma, kple “mɔ̃dzrala”, tso agbalẽ siwo ku ɖe Monte Carlo ŋu me.

Le April 1860 me la, eƒe asitsatsa le Manchester mu, eye London Gazette ŋlɔ eƒe ŋkɔ ɖe fenyila siwo mate ŋu axe fe o siwo ƒe nya woase le Lancaster Castle la dome. Eƒe vi suetɔ xɔ ƒe eve. Eƒe agbenɔnɔŋlɔla Anne Fletcher, si nye nɔvia ƒe dzidzimevi kple domenyinu ƒe ŋutinyaŋlɔla, kpɔ gbeƒãɖeɖeawo eye wòkpɔ be ƒomea gale fe xem le ƒe wuiatɔ̃ megbe. Mekpɔ be eƒe ga vɔ le ƒe 1880 alo 1881 me o, togbɔ be nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ geɖe gblɔe nenema tso ɣemaɣi ha.

Ŋutinya la abe alesi wota gbãe ene

Nuŋlɔɖi xoxotɔ enye Victor Bethell ƒe Monte Carlo Anecdotes and Systems of Play (1901). Bethell yɔe be “Jaggers”, Yorkshiretɔ kple mɔ̃dzrala le eƒe dɔ me, eye meyɔ eƒe ŋkɔ gbãtɔ alo ƒe aɖeke o. Le eƒe ŋutinya me la, Jaggers xɔ agbalẽŋlɔla ade, eɖo wo ɖe kplɔ̃ vovovowo gbɔ be woaŋlɔ xexlẽdzesi ɖe sia ɖe ɖi ŋkeke blibo la, eye le ɣleti ɖeka megbe la, ekpɔ gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔƒe aɖe le ʋuafɔ ɖe sia ɖe ŋu. Eya kple eƒe amewo kpɔ £120,000. Kasino la dze eƒe ʋuafɔwo ʋuʋu tso kplɔ̃ ɖeka dzi yi bubu dzi zã sia zã gɔme, eye Jaggers dea dzesi wo to dzesi suewo, ʋeʋe alo ɖiƒoƒo sue aɖe le amia me. Ebu £40,000 le dziɖuga la me eye wòdzo kple £80,000 lɔƒo, si nye franc miliɔn eve le ɣemaɣi ƒe franc 25 ɖe pound ɖeka ŋu nu. Ŋkeke ɖeka si Bethell gblɔ koe nye be esiawo katã dzɔ “wu ƒe blaeve enye esia”.

Bethell ŋlɔ nu le ƒe blaeve megbe tso nudzɔdzɔ la ŋu eye meyɔ ɖasefo aɖeke o. Fletcher di le nuto la me, dukɔ la me kple duta ƒe nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽwo me eye mekpɔ nyadzɔdzɔ aɖeke tso dziɖuɖu la ŋu o, eye esi fofoa ŋlɔ agbalẽ ɖo ɖe kasino la la, wogblɔ nɛ be wotsrɔ̃ eƒe agbalẽ siwo tso ɣeyiɣi ma me.

Alesi ŋutinya la tsi

Ŋlɔla ɖe sia ɖe si va emegbe tsɔ nane kpe ɖe eŋu, eye nu siwo wotsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu lae ame geɖe nya.

Ɣeyiɣi si wònɔ afima

Fletcher ɖo eƒe sasrãkpɔ gbãtɔ ɖe ƒe 1880 alo 1881 me le kpeɖodzi ene nu. Jagger ƒe ŋkɔ mele eya ŋutɔ ƒe aƒeme le amexexlẽ si wowɔ le April 1881 me o, afi si woŋlɔ srɔ̃a ɖi abe aƒea ƒe tatɔ ene. Agbalẽ aɖe si wowɔ le August 1881 me yɔe le 6 Greaves Street, Bradford, xɔ si wòƒle le ƒe ma me, eye le October me la, eŋlɔ nunyanya abe ame si si nunɔamesiwo le ene. Enelia nye nu ɖeka si gali, safui si wotsɔ ɖo ŋku dzi le nunanaɖaka me, si ƒomea dzra ɖo. Nya si woŋlɔ ɖe edzi, si tso eƒe “xɔlɔ̃wo kple ame siwo kafui” gbɔ la, ƒo nu tso eƒe dzidzedze le roulette me ɖe Monte Carlo ƒe ganɔƒe la ŋu “si didi ƒe ene” ŋu, eye ŋkeke si le edzi nye May ƒe ŋkeke 1, 1884.

Fletcher se egɔme be sasrãkpɔ geɖe wònye tso ƒe 1880 lɔƒo va ɖo 1884, menye kwasiɖa ɖeka o. Ɣeyiɣi didi si wòlé ŋku ɖe nuwo ŋu kple ɣeyiɣi didi si wòfe la, womeŋlɔe ɖi le afi aɖeke o.

Ame siwo kplɔe ɖo

Naneke meɖo Bethell ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla adeawo kpe o, eye Fletcher gblɔ be roulette kplɔ̃ ene alo atɔ̃ koe nɔ xɔ la me ɣemaɣi. Ƒomea ƒe kɔnyinya ɖeka, si xɔlɔ̃ aɖe si kpɔ agbalẽ siwo wotsrɔ̃ emegbe la ŋlɔ ɖi la, gblɔ be via ŋutsu tsitsitɔ Alfred kplɔe ɖo. Fletcher tsɔ nɔviaŋutsu ƒe vi aɖe, Oates Jagger, si nye keteke ƒe ʋukula, kpe ɖe eŋu, le kesinɔnu si wòkpɔ emegbe si gɔme womeɖe kpɔ o ta; esia nye eya ŋutɔ ƒe susu. Ƒomea ƒe alɔ bubu gblɔna ɣesiaɣi be eya kple eƒe dɔwɔlawo ƒe ŋgɔnɔla ye yi. Ga si wozã ɖe mɔzɔzɔ la ta la, woxɔe tso ƒometɔwo si, eye woyɔ wo dometɔ ɖeka, nɔvia aɖe, be wogbugbɔ eƒe ga nɛ.

Nu si kasino la wɔ

Le afi sia hã la, Bethell ye nye nuŋlɔɖi gbãtɔ. Egblɔ be kasino la dze ʋuafɔawo ʋuʋu tso kplɔ̃ ɖeka dzi yi bubu dzi zã sia zã gɔme, eye esi esia mewɔ dɔ o la, wòdɔ ame aɖe ɖe Paris ƒe dɔwɔƒe si wɔa wo. Dɔwɔƒe la wɔ ʋuafɔ yeyewo siwo ƒe domegliwo woate ŋu aʋuʋu, ale be dodɔwɔnuDoDo 37 siwo dzi xexlẽdzesiwo le le rotor la dzi dometɔ ɖeka. Woyɔnɛ hã be slot, cup.Xlẽe blibo → si nɔ zeroʋuafɔZeroDo gbemumu ɖeka si dzi bɛt sɔsɔe, wuieve alo sɔti ƒe bɛt aɖeke metsyɔna o; kasino ƒe viɖe ƒe dzɔtsoƒe. Woyɔnɛ hã be zero ɖeka, 0.Xlẽe blibo → la ƒe ŋgɔ egbe la, ate ŋu anɔ teƒe bubu etsɔ. Polovtsoff, si nye International Sporting Club ƒe ŋgɔnɔla le Monte Carlo le ƒe 1930-awo me la, gblɔ nya ma ke: ʋuafɔ yeyewo siwo ƒe akpawo woate ŋu aɖɔ li, eye woɖɔa wo ɖo ŋkeke sia ŋkeke. Woɖɔ li ʋuafɔ xoxoawo, womeɖɔ wo ɖo o.

Ŋdi sia ŋdi ʋuafɔ ɖe sia ɖe dzodzro kple tsidzidzenu nye nu si wonya nyuie. Adolphe Smith kpɔe le ƒe 1912 lɔƒo, eye Polovtsoff ƒo nu tsoe le ƒe 1937 me. Wo dometɔ aɖeke megblɔ be edze egɔme kple Jagger o, eye kasino ƒe agbalẽ aɖeke metsɔ ɖoɖo siawo dometɔ aɖeke bla ɖe eŋu o.

Casino de Monte-CarloƲuafɔ dzidzedze kple asi

Alesi wòle be akpaɖeɖe nalolo

Joseph Jagger ƒe roulette aɖaŋu, abe alesi ŋutinya la gblɔe ene la, nye be woaɖo bɛt ɖe xexlẽdzesi siwo ʋuafɔ aɖe lɔ̃ wu dzi, eye esia hea viɖe vɛ ne ewu seɖoƒe aɖe ko. Xexlẽdzesi ɖeka ƒe bɛtbɛtXexlẽdzesi ɖekaXexlẽdzesi ɖeka, fetu 35:1.Xlẽe blibo → xea 35 ɖe 1 ŋu, eyata ele be xexlẽdzesi aɖe naɖu dzi zi geɖe wu zi ɖeka le trɔtrɔ 36 me hafi bɛt si woɖo ɖe edzi nahe nane vɛ. Le ʋuafɔ zero ɖeka dzɔdzɔe dzi la, eɖua dzi zi ɖeka le trɔtrɔ 37 me.

Bu be agbalẽŋlɔlawo ŋlɔ ʋuafɔ ɖeka ƒe emetsonuwo ɖi ɣleti ɖeka le trɔtrɔ 500 ŋkeke ɖe sia ɖe nu: trɔtrɔ 15,000. Xexlẽdzesi dzɔdzɔe ado zi 405 lɔƒo, eye wòate ŋu agbɔ eme alo aɖi akpɔtɔ zi 20 lɔƒo. Xexlẽdzesi si do zi 465 la ado ŋgɔ kple “gbɔ eme alo ɖi kpɔtɔ” mawo dometɔ etɔ̃, si dzidzedze ɖeɖeko mehea vɛ kloe gbeɖe o. Xexlẽdzesi sia tɔgbe ɖua dzi zi ɖeka le trɔtrɔ 32 lɔƒo me, eye bɛt si woɖo ɖe edzi hea 11.6% vɛ: gakpegaGakpeNu si tsi tre ɖi na ga aɖe si woɖo ɖi, si wotsɔa ɖoa kplɔ̃ ƒe ɖoɖo la dzi tsɔ ɖoa bɛt. Woyɔnɛ hã be check.Xlẽe blibo → 36 gbɔna ɖe 32.3 ɖe sia ɖe si woɖo ta. Ɣleti ɖeka ƒe xexlẽ kple dzigbɔɖi sɔ be woakpɔ vodada si lolo nenema, gake mesɔ be woakpɔ esi le sue wu nenema ŋutɔ o. Trɔtrɔ 500 le ŋkeke ɖeka me nye nu si míebu be míawɔ akɔnta la; ame aɖeke meŋlɔ alesi kplɔ̃ mawo wɔ dɔ kaba ɖi o.

Kpɔɖeŋu ƒe lolomeRoulette ƒe xexlẽdzesi ɖeka ƒe bɛt

Emegbe

Jagger meƒle xɔ gã aɖe o. Le ƒe 1881 me la, eƒle 6 Greaves Street le Little Horton, Bradford, eye le ƒe ewo siwo kplɔe ɖo lɔƒo me la, le Fletcher ƒe xexlẽme nu la, eƒle xɔ siwo wotu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu blaetɔ̃ vɔ eve ya teti le wo gbɔ, siwo wòdo ɖe haya alo ƒometɔwo nɔ wo me. Exɔe se be etsɔ ga la ƒe akpa etɔ̃lia lɔƒo na ŋutsu eve siwo kplɔe ɖo. Dzesi aɖeke meli si fia be eɖe gbeƒã dziɖuɖu la kpɔ o. Eku le 25 Greaves Street le April ƒe ŋkeke 25, 1892, esime wòxɔ ƒe 61; eƒe kuɖeɖefiagbalẽ gblɔ be sukli ƒe dɔlélé ye. Woɖii ɖe Bethel Chapel le Shelf, le afi si wodzii le gbɔ. Eƒe nunɔamesiwo ƒe asixɔxɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ nye £1,710.

Ha la

Wodzi “The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo” gbã le ƒe 1892 me, ƒe si me Jagger ku, eye eƒe ƒomea xɔe se ɣeyiɣi didi be eya ŋue wòƒo nu tsoe. Menye nenema o. Fred Gilbert ŋlɔe le Charles Wells ƒe dziɖuɖu le ƒe 1891 me megbe, si yɔ nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽwo me fũ (kpɔ The Man Who Broke the Bank). Charles Kingston gblɔ nya ma ke le ƒe 1925 me: bubu la yi ameblela si va le Yorkshiretɔ la megbe gbɔ.

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